• Midterm 1 2009
• Midterm 2 2009
• Midterm 1 2010
• Midterm 2 2010
• Midterm 1 2011
• Midterm 2 2011
• Midterm 1 2012
• Midterm 2 2012
• Midterm 1 2013

• 21.7 Our Knowledge of Alcohol's Teratogenicity
• New York Times 11/4/2003 Fetal Brains Suffer Alcohol
• Thalidamide as a teratogen
• New York Times 50 years after Thalidamide
• Thalidamide SCIENCE (REQUIRED)
• Mercury: Silent Latency, Environmetal Health 2002
• Mercury and Power Plants: NAS Issues, 2002
• Minamata Disease: Case Study of Environmental Mercury

• Genome's Riddle: Few genes, much complexity (REQUIRED)
• What if there are only 30,000 human genes? (REQUIRED)
• The Human Genome (Science)
• Personel Genomics:Pinker NYT

Gene Targeting, Stem Cells and Cloning

• Lasker Gene Targeting (REQUIRED)
• Gene therapy Halt NYT
• SCID trials history (REQUIRED)
• First Cat Clone
• First Human Cloned Embryo 04
• Therapeutic Cloning Nature 04
• Crossing the Gene Barrier
• Rabbit Eggs for Human Stem Cells
• Interview with Doug Melton
• NIH STEM CELL site
• iPS from Human Somatic Cells
• iPS from Human Fibroblasts
• Yamanaka's Experimental Logic (REQUIRED)
• iPS cure Sickle Cell disease
• Reprograming Cells SciRev08 (REQUIRED)
• FDA approves transgenic Goats for human drug
• Stem cell cure causes tumors
• Creating new organs from stem cells NYT
• CRISPR Science (REQUIRED)

• In Vitro Fertilization Problems
• IVF Technique (REQUIRED)
• Genetic basis of gender
• Immune system and placental support
• Stem Cells in Ovaries may grow new eggs
• PNAS Oocyte formation by stem cells
• Sperm and Eggs created from ES cells produce pups (REQUIRED)

Cleavage

• Dynamic blastomere behavior predicts ploidy errors (REQUIRED)

Gastrulation

• Mixing Mom's and Baby's cells?
• Commentary: Fetal cells in Moms

Pattern Formation:

• Turing (REQUIRED)
• Hydra etc. Regeneration (REQUIRED)

Fly Axial Patterning

• Historical: Thomas Hunt Morgan (REQUIRED)
• 1995 Nobel (REQUIRED)
• Nusslein-Volhard (REQUIRED)
• Wieschaus (REQUIRED)

Worm Pattern

• Nobel 2002 (REQUIRED)
• Brenner:Founder of Worm Genetics
• PAR genes Cell Rev.
• Jenkins and Mango Science06
• PARallels: Fly and Worm Sci. Paper
• Ambros RNAi Review
• Plasteric miRNAs Review

• Spemann Nobel lecture (REQUIRED)

• History of Limb Development (REQUIRED)
• Limb Molecular Signaling
• Human Limb Mutants
• Limb Evolution
• Role of Fgf-8

• Neural Tube Defects
• Ramon y Cajal
• Roger Sperry
• David Hubel
• Torsten Wiesel
• Hox Genes Patterning Hindbrain
• Prosencephalen Patterning
• Retinal-Diencephalen Patterning
• Common Signaling Mechanisms in Neural Patterning
• Noise disrupts auditory development